An International Study of Research Misconduct Policies
This study compares national research misconduct policies across the world’s leading research-performing countries and finds substantial variation in how misconduct is defined and regulated. While all countries with formal policies include fabrication, falsification, and plagiarism as core forms of misconduct, many differ in whether they address issues such as authorship disputes, publication practices, conflicts of interest, and peer-review ethics. The authors argue that greater international harmonization of misconduct policies is needed to support research integrity and facilitate collaboration across borders.
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/08989621.2014.958218